千ヶ滝の大屋根
Seren Collective MAPLE
2023
設計 | 空間構想・MIWA atelier・SH ARCHITECT & DESIGN
構造 | 多田脩二構造設計事務所
設備 | テ-テンス事務所、EOS plus
音楽 | Vegetable Record
アート | N&A
施工 | 竹花工業
敷地 | 長野県北佐久郡軽井沢町
建築面積 | 403m²
床面積 | 437m²
構造 | 木造 一部鉄筋コンクリート造、鉄骨造
階数 | 地上1階、地下1階
林と向き合う空間
軽井沢町の千ヶ滝に建つ別荘である。近年、私たちが設計するプロジェクトでは、敷地選びも建主と一緒に行うことが多く、このプロジェクトでも多くの候補地を一緒に訪れた。小高い山の山頂、木立の中をかき分けて進むような林の中、登り降りに息が上がるような急斜面地。いずれも個性豊かな場所で興味をそそられたが、どれもが決め手に欠いていた。
本プロジェクトの敷地に立った時、建主も私も「探していたのはこの場所だった」とすぐに直感した。敷地の南北で約5.5mの高低差をもつ地形、周辺の家々からの視線を遮り、程よい距離感を生み出す木々の密度、何より西側に広がる国有林の凜とした気配。この場所で「敷地がつくる建築」の姿を求めて設計を進めた。
西側の国有林と向き合うように建物を配し、ゲストを招く開かれたエリアとオーナーが静かに過ごすエリアを南北に分け、その合間に西側の国有林まで視線が抜けるエントランスを配置した。それらを覆う大屋根は、シンプルな構成ながらも部屋の用途ごとに切妻、片流れ、ハイサイドライトと少しずつ構造形式を変化させ、それぞれの場所に必要な光と眺望をつくり出し、積雪と景観への配慮も同時に行なった。人が集まるダイニングには最大限の採光を確保できるよう、西から東へと流れる片流れ屋根を架けた。プライベートな空間が集まる北側にはハイサイドライトを設け、東側からの光を取り込んでいる。
1階は軽井沢特有の大地からの湿気を避けるように浮かせ、その結果、敷地の高低差が際立つような断面構成となり、エントランスへと至るアプローチにも高さの変化を生み出すことができた。
エントランスやダイニング、メインバスやマスターベッドルームと連続する外部テラスは、林の中にいるような、内部と外部が重なり合う空間としている。そこから西側に設けた外部階段を降りると、ランドスケープの中に設けた水のテラスを通って敷地をぐるっと1周できるトレイルを設けている。
Space facing the forest
This villa is located in Chigataki, Karuizawa. In recent years, we have often worked with the client to select a site for our projects, and for this project, we visited many potential sites together. We visited many sites together for this project: a small mountain top, a wooded area where one has to wade through a grove of trees, and a steep slope that makes one gasp for breath as one climbs up and down. All of them were intriguing and full of character, but none of them were decisive.
When we stood on the site of this project, both the owner and I immediately had a gut feeling that this was the place we were looking for. The topography of the site, with a height difference of approximately 5.5m from north to south, the density of the trees that blocked the line of sight from the surrounding houses and created a good sense of distance, and above all, the interesting presence of the national forest to the west. The design was carried out in pursuit of an “architecture created by the site”.
The building is arranged so that it faces the national forest on the west side. The open area for inviting guests and the quiet area for the owner are divided into north-south and south-south sections, and the entrance is placed between them to allow the eye to pass through to the national forest on the west side. The large roof covering these areas is a simple structure, but the structural form of the gable, single-slope, and high-sidelight roofs was changed little by little according to the use of the rooms to create the necessary light and views in each area, while at the same time taking snow accumulation and the landscape into consideration. The dining room, where people gather, has a single-sloping roof that runs from west to east to maximize lighting. On the north side, where the private spaces are located, high sidelights were installed to bring in light from the east.
The first floor was floated to avoid the moisture from the ground peculiar to Karuizawa, resulting in a cross-sectional configuration that accentuates the difference in elevation of the site and creates a change in elevation in the approach to the entrance.
The exterior terrace, which is continuous with the entrance, dining room, main bath, and master bedroom, is a space where the interior and exterior overlap, as if in a forest. From there, an external staircase on the west side leads down to a trail that circles the site through a water terrace in the landscape.










